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There are several types of that yam cultivated worldwide, each with distinct characteristics. The following outlines some of the most common varieties:
Chinese yam
Chinese yam, known as "Shan Yao" in China, is a small, elongated tuber. It is about the size of a finger and can be longer than most other varieties. It is also regarded as a staple in Chinese cuisine and traditional medicine. This dioscorea species is smooth on the outside and white on the inside. It has a mild taste and becomes slippery when cooked. It is often added to stir-fries, soups, or ground into powder for medicinal use.
Japanese yam
Japanese yam, or "yamaimo," is another variety of yams versus sweet potatoes. It bears similarity to Chinese yam but tends to be larger and more irregular in shape. It also has a distinctive hairy or bristly skin that is difficult to touch. Japanese yams are widely used in Japanese cuisine. They are often grated raw into slimy, sticky sauces called "nagaimo mush." Their starchy, dense quality makes them ideal for adding texture to dishes like okonomiyaki and yam soup.
Southern yam
The southern yam, also called "boniato" or "batata," is a sweeter and denser variant than others. It has rough, dark-brown skin and pale, yellowish-white or reddish-purple flesh. The southern yam is commonly found in the southern U.S. and Caribbean dishes. These include pies, candied yams, and even yam fries. The tuber also grows well in warm climates.
Sierra Leonean yam
Like the southern yam, the Sierra Leonean yam has a rough, dark exterior. It also features moist and creamy white or yellow flesh. Its relatively high water content compared to others makes it less sweet. The Sierra Leonean yam is a staple in West Africa. It is an accompaniment to stews, sauces, and other vegetable dishes.
Danjal yam
Danjal yam, also called "Danjal," has rough and thick skin with creamy or pale yellow flesh. This variety looks similar to the Sierra Leonean yam. Only it is more elongated and larger in size. The Danjal yam is native to tropical climates. It is common in Palestinian cuisine and served as mashed potatoes or roasted.
Okinawa purple yam
Okinawa purple yam comes with a creamy beige skin color. It has starkly vibrant purple flesh, however. The purple color comes from high anthocyanin content. Anthocyanins are antioxidants with high nutritional value. It is also mildly sweet with a nutty flavor. The Okinawa purple yam is a staple in both Japanese and Hawaiian desserts. These include yam pie, puddings, and mochi. The tuber is also famous for its health benefits.
Wild yam
Wild yam, known as "Dioscorea villosa," has a rugged, twisted appearance that differentiates it from most others. It has medicinal uses in traditional herbal remedies. The skin is brown and bark-like, although the insides range from creamy off-white to pale yellow.
That yam is versatile and can be used in different dishes. The following are common uses of the tuber:
Mashed potatoes
Mashed yam can be a substitute for mashed potatoes. While potatoes have a slightly earthy and starchy flavor, yams tend to be sweeter. Yam mash also has a smoother and silkier texture compared to potatoes. It makes a delicious and nutritious alternative when combined with butter, cream, and seasonings.
Yam fries
Yam fries are an increasingly popular alternative to regular French fries. They also make a healthy and filling snack or side dish. Compared to regular fries, yam fries are higher in fiber, potassium, and vitamins A and C. It offers more nutritional benefit to consumers.
Stuffed yam
Stuffed yam is a dish that features yam flesh scooped out and mixed with a variety of fillings. Some popular fillings include meats, vegetables, and spices. The mixture is then stuffed back into the yam skin and baked or grilled. This preparation infuses rich flavors into both the yam and the filling. It also creates a hearty and satisfying meal option.
Yam porridge
Yam porridge is a comforting and filling dish that uses diced yams cooked in a broth or sauce. The yams absorb the flavors of the broth, making them savory and rich. The porridge can be sweetened or spiced to taste. It is a nutritious meal that provides energy and is often eaten for breakfast or lunch.
Yam chips
Yam chips are thinly sliced yams that are baked or fried until crispy. They are a nutritious alternative to regular potato chips. Enhanced with seasonings, yam chips offer a slightly sweet and nutty flavor. They make a tasty snack with higher fiber content.
Yam soup
Yam soup is a smooth soup where yams are boiled and blended with broth, vegetables, and seasonings. The soup's natural creaminess and sweetness make it comforting and flavorful, especially when seasoned with herbs and spices. Thus, providing a warming starter or a light meal on its own.
Jamaican yellow yam
Jamaican yellow yam is a variety of hard yam known for its earthy and slightly nutty taste. It has a firm, dense texture that remains compact even when boiled or roasted. Its distinction, however, is the pale yellow flesh and bright yellow skin. The yam is widely popular in Jamaica and other Caribbean nations. It is mostly eaten steamed, boiled, or roasted and served with saltfish or savory sauces.
That yam is packed with nutrients and comes with multiple benefits when consuming it. The following highlights the benefits:
Digestive health
That yam has high dietary fiber. Fiber plays an important role in promoting healthy digestion. It helps food to move smoothly through the digestive tract and prevent constipation. With its fiber, yams support overall gut health. They also contribute to a balanced and functioning digestive system.
Weight management
That yam has relatively low calorie content and high fiber makes it great for weight management. Consuming fiber-rich foods helps with feelings of fullness and satiety. It reduces the urge to overeat and snack between meals. Including sweet potato vs that yam in a balanced diet can aid in reaching and maintaining a healthy body weight. It allows people to enjoy its health benefits without adding empty calories.
Blood sugar control
Yam contains carbohydrates that are digested slowly. It helps in regulating blood sugar levels by preventing rapid spikes. This gradual release of sugars into the bloodstream can be especially beneficial for people with diabetes or those looking to control their blood sugar. Furthermore, the fiber content aids in stabilizing insulin levels.
Bone health
Yam is rich in calcium and phosphorus. These minerals are vital for maintaining strong and healthy bones. Calcium is an essential component of bone tissue. It helps build and repair bones. On the other hand, phosphorus works together with calcium to strengthen bones and prevent age-related bone density loss.
Rich in antioxidants
Yam provides antioxidants like vitamin C and beta-carotene with anthocyanins. Antioxidants are compounds that help neutralize harmful free radicals in the body. Free radicals are unstable molecules that can damage cells and contribute to chronic diseases. By combating oxidative stress, antioxidants from yams help protect overall health and reduce the risk of conditions like heart disease, cancer, and age-related degeneration.
Increased energy
That yam provides complex carbohydrates. It makes them a great energy source for the body. Athletes and active individuals can benefit from consuming yams before or after workouts to replenish glycogen stores and sustain energy levels. Its carbohydrate composition offers lasting fuel without causing quick energy crashes.
Buyers should consider multiple factors. They should also make informed decisions when purchasing yams online internationally. The following are major shipping and delivery factors to have in mind:
Shipping carriers
Businesses tend to partner with reliable shipping carriers that have experience in handling perishable goods like yams. Carriers should also offer a range of shipping options. These include express, economy, and tracked shipping, to cater to the different needs of their customers. FedEx, DHL, and UPS should be flexible in shipping yams. They should also provide expedited shipping to ensure freshness upon delivery.
Customs and import regulations
Each country has its own customs regulations concerning the importation of agricultural products. Buyers should familiarize themselves with customs requirements in their respective countries. They should also ensure they have all the necessary documents. These include bills of lading and certificates of origin.
Shipping costs
The shipping cost of yams will depend on several factors. These include the shipping option selected, the destination country, and the weight and size of the shipment. Buyers should compare shipping costs across different carriers to determine the most affordable option. It can help enhance the profit margins of the buyers.
Delivery time
The delivery time of yams will depend on the shipping method selected. Buyers should prioritize fast delivery times to receive fresh produce. While economy shipping is cheaper, it may take longer to deliver the goods. Buyers can choose it if they think it will help their business.
Packaging
Proper packaging will ensure the yams withstand the rigors of international shipping. Buyers should look for vendors who use durable and renewable materials. Vendors should also ensure they use enough cushioning to secure the yams from harm.
Quality control
Buyers should work with vendors who maintain high standards of quality in their agricultural products. They should also inspect shipments upon delivery for quality and freshness. It ensures that customers receive only the best products and satisfied customers.
Chinese yams can grow in the U.S. It thrives in USDA hardiness zones 5 through 10. These regions offer the temperate conditions necessary for its growth. The plant favors well-drained, loamy soils and enjoys partial to full sunlight. It can grow in both sandy and clay soils as long as they are well-drained.
The ideal temperature for growing Chinese yams in the U.S. is around 70°F to 80°F during the growing season. The growing season lasts for about 5 months. The seasons are from late spring to early autumn. It allows the plant to produce tubers during the warmer months of the year.
Farmers practicing Chinese yam cultivation in the U.S. focus on providing adequate support for the vines as the plant is a climbing perennial. They also ensure optimal moisture levels without waterlogging the seeds. In regions with colder winters, farmers plant cultivars that can tolerate lower temperatures.
Chinese yam is perishable. It can last 1 to 2 weeks in the fridge. Buyers can extend its shelf life by storing it in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated place. It is also best when consumed fresh, as its texture and flavor can degrade over time when kept for a long period.
Optimal conditions for the long-term storage of Chinese yams is a cool, dark, and humid environment. The temperature should remain between 35°F and 50°F. High humidity levels will help prevent the tubers from drying out. These conditions mimic the natural underground environments where yams grow.